Thursday, April 25, 2013

Sentence Combining




Sentence Combining
            In writing, we are introduced about combining sentences. Combining sentence encourages a writer to take two or more short, copy sentences, and combine them into one effective sentence. By learning this skill, students can improve their writing style. Furthermore, it can develop over several short practice sessions and should be considered as a part of an overall writing program. Sentence combining gives students practice in manipulating a variety of basic sentence structure.
            As the method of teaching writing, sentence combining grew out of studies in transformational-generative grammar and was popularized in the 1970s by researchers and teachers such as Frank O’Hare (Sentence-Combining: Improving Student Writing Without Formal Instruction, 1971) and William Strong (Sentence Combining: A Composing Book, 1973). Around the same time, interest in sentence combining was heightened by other emerging sentence-level pedagogies, especially the “generative rhetoric of the sentence” advocated by Francis and Bonniejean Christensen (A New Rhetoric, 1976).
            Despite appearances, the goal of sentence combining is not to produce longer sentences but rather to develop more effective sentences and to help students become more versatile writers. 

Why use sentence combining?
·         It teaches students to make a variety of sentences in their writing.
·         It helps students to improve the overall quality of the writing by increasing the amount and quality of the revision.
·         The process encourages interesting word choices and transition words.

How to use sentence combining?
            Students should be guided by the teacher through the sentence combining process. When the teacher introduces the skill, begin by asking students to combine two sentences. Then, move to using three or more sentences once students have more experience. The sentences are provided by the teacher, so students only learn to combine sentences within their own writing.    Generally, sentence combining is used by cutting out the needless repetition and adding a few conjunctions, we can combine those sentences into a single, more coherent sentence.

Sadler (2005) provides a possible sequence of sentence combining exercises. A few of the steps are listed here:

Ø  Inserting adjectives and adverbs
Example:        
The girl drank lemonade.
The girl was thirsty.
(The thirsty girl drank lemonade)

Ø  Producing compound subject and objects
Example:
The book was good.
The movie was good.
(The book and the movie were good)

Ø  Producing compound sentences using conjunctions
The weather was perfect.
The boys were playing soccer.
(The weather was perfect and the boys were playing soccer)

            In fact, when we learn about writing process, we have to know how to make the sentence be more effective by combining the sentence. It is so important, because there are countless ways to construct sentences, the goal is not to find the one “correct” combination but to consider different arrangements before deciding which one is the most effective.